Tarpaulin
Tarpaulin is designed to be a code coverage reporting tool for the Cargo build system, named for a waterproof cloth used to cover cargo on a ship. Currently, tarpaulin provides working line coverage but is still in the early development stage and therefore may contain some bugs. A lot of work has been done to get it working on some example projects and smaller crates so please report anything you find that's wrong. Also, check out our roadmap for planned features.
Tarpaulin only supports x86_64 processors running Linux. This is because instrumenting breakpoints into executables and tracing their execution requires processor and OS specific code. It is a goal when greater stability is reached to add wider system support, however this is sufficient to run Tarpaulin on popular CI tools like Travis.
It can also be run in Docker, which is useful for when you don't use Linux but want to run it locally, e.g. during development. See below for how to do that.
Features
Below is a list of features currently implemented. As Tarpaulin loads binary files into memory and parses the debugging information, different setups could lead to coverage not working. In this instance, please raise an issue detailing your setup and an example project and I'll attempt to fix it (please link us to a repo and the commit containing your project and paste the verbose output).
- Line coverage
- Uploading coverage to https://coveralls.io or https://codecov.io
- HTML report generation and other coverage report types
- Coverage of tests, doctests, benchmarks and examples possible
- Excluding irrelevant files from coverage
Usage
Installation
Tarpaulin depends on cargo which depends on SSL. Make sure you've installed your distros SSL development libraries and they are on your path before attempting to install tarpaulin. For example for Debian/Ubuntu:
apt-get update && apt-get install libssl-dev pkg-config cmake zlib1g-dev
Tarpaulin is a command-line program, you install it into your linux development environment with cargo install:
cargo install cargo-tarpaulin
Command line
To get detailed help on available arguments when running tarpaulin call:
cargo tarpaulin --help
Currently no options are required, if no root directory is defined Tarpaulin will run in the current working directory.
Below is a Tarpaulin run utilising one of our example projects. This is a relatively simple project to test and if you check the test, you can see the output correctly reports the lines the test hits.
cargo tarpaulin -v
[INFO tarpaulin] Running Tarpaulin
[INFO tarpaulin] Building project
Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.00s
[DEBUG tarpaulin] Processing simple_project
[INFO tarpaulin] Launching test
[INFO tarpaulin] running /home/xd009642/code/rust/tarpaulin/tests/data/simple_project/target/debug/deps/simple_project-b0accf6671d080e0
running 1 test
test tests::bad_test ... ok
test result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out
[INFO tarpaulin] Coverage Results:
|| Uncovered Lines:
|| src/lib.rs: 6
|| src/unused.rs: 4-6
|| Tested/Total Lines:
|| src/lib.rs: 5/6
|| src/unused.rs: 0/3
||
55.56% coverage, 5/9 lines covered
Tarpaulin can also report the change in coverage for each file between runs. If the tests were updated in the previous example to cover all the lines we would expect the following output.
cargo tarpaulin -v
[INFO tarpaulin] Running Tarpaulin
[INFO tarpaulin] Building project
Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.00s
[DEBUG tarpaulin] Processing simple_project
[INFO tarpaulin] Launching test
[INFO tarpaulin] running /home/xd009642/code/rust/tarpaulin/tests/data/simple_project/target/debug/deps/simple_project-b0accf6671d080e0
running 1 test
test tests::bad_test ... ok
test result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out
[INFO tarpaulin] Coverage Results:
|| Tested/Total Lines:
|| src/lib.rs: 6/6 +16.67%
|| src/unused.rs: 3/3 +100%
||
100% coverage, 9/9 lines covered, +44.44% change in coverage
Hint: if using coveralls.io with travis-ci run with the options
--ciserver travis-ci --coveralls $TRAVIS_JOB_ID
. The coveralls.io repo-token
is mainly designed for private repos and it won't generate a badge for the
coverage results submitted (although you can still see them on the coveralls
web interface). For an example of a project using Tarpaulin, you can check out
my crate keygraph-rs.
Ignoring code in files.
Tarpaulin now allows you to ignore modules or functions using config attributes. Below is an example of ignoring the main function in a project:
Continuous Integration Services
Tarpaulin aims to be easy to add to your CI workflow. With well tested support for Travis-CI it also supports sending CI specific meta-data to coveralls.io for Circle, Semaphore, Jenkins and Codeship (though only Jenkin's has been tested).
You can also use Tarpaulin on Azure, check out crate-ci/azure-pipelines for an example config.
Travis-ci and Coverage Sites
The expected most common usecase is launching coverage via a CI service to upload to a site like codecov or coveralls. Given the built in support and ubiquity of travis-ci it seems prudent to document the required steps here for new users. To follow these steps you'll first need a travis-ci and a project setup for your coverage reporting site of choice.
We recommend taking the minimal rust .travis.yml, installing the libssl-dev
dependency tarpaulin has and then running Tarpaulin with the version of
rustc you require. Tarpaulin is installed in before_cache
to allow it to be cached
and prevent having to reinstall every Travis run. You can also replace cargo test
with a verbose run of tarpaulin to see the test results as well as coverage output.
For codecov.io you'll need to export CODECOV_TOKEN are instructions on this in the settings of your codecov project.
language: rust
sudo: required
dist: trusty
addons:
apt:
packages:
- libssl-dev
cache: cargo
rust:
- stable
- beta
- nightly
matrix:
allow_failures:
- rust: nightly
before_cache: |
if [[ "$TRAVIS_RUST_VERSION" == stable ]]; then
cargo install cargo-tarpaulin
fi
script:
- cargo clean
- cargo build
- cargo test
after_success: |
if [[ "$TRAVIS_RUST_VERSION" == stable ]]; then
# Uncomment the following line for coveralls.io
# cargo tarpaulin --ciserver travis-ci --coveralls $TRAVIS_JOB_ID
# Uncomment the following two lines create and upload a report for codecov.io
# cargo tarpaulin --out Xml
# bash <(curl -s https://codecov.io/bash)
fi
Alternative, there is the travis-install shell script will install the latest tagged
release built on travis to your travis instance and significantly speeds up the travis
builds. You can install via that script using
bash <(curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/xd009642/tarpaulin/master/travis-install.sh)
.
CircleCI
To run tarpaulin on CircleCI you need to run tarpaulin in docker and set the machine flag to true as shown below:
jobs:
coverage:
machine: true
steps:
- checkout
- run:
name: Coverage with docker
command: docker run --security-opt seccomp=unconfined -v "${PWD}:/volume" xd009642/tarpaulin
Gitlab Pipelines
To get the coverage results showing up in your Gitlab pipelines add the following regex to the Test coverage parsing
section in the pipelines settings.
^\d+.\d+% coverage
For installation add cargo install cargo-tarpaulin -f
to the script section.
Docker
Tarpaulin has builds deployed to docker-hub, to run Tarpaulin on any system that has Docker, run this in your project directory:
docker run --security-opt seccomp=unconfined -v "${PWD}:/volume" xd009642/tarpaulin
This builds your project inside Docker and runs Tarpaulin without any arguments. There are also tags available for the latest version on the develop branch in stable or nightly. And versions after 0.5.6 will have the latest release built with the rust stable and nightly compilers. To get the latest development version built with rustc-nightly run the following:
docker run --security-opt seccomp=unconfined -v "${PWD}:/volume" xd009642/tarpaulin:develop-nightly
Note that the build might fail if the Docker image doesn't contain any necessary dependencies. In that case, you can install dependencies before, like this:
docker run --security-opt seccomp=unconfined -v "${PWD}:/volume" xd009642/tarpaulin sh -c "apt-get install xxx && cargo tarpaulin"
Extending Tarpaulin.
There are some tools available which can extend tarpaulin functionality for other potential user needs.
Procedural Macros
Normally, Tarpaulin can't report on code coverage within the code for a
procedural macro. You'll need to add a test that expands the macro at run-time
in order to get those stats. The
runtime-macros
crate was made for
this purpose, and its documentation describes how to use it with Tarpaulin.
Pycobertura
pycobertura
is a python library
for working with cobertura reports. It offers a report diffing tool as well as
it's own report implementations.
To generate a cobertura.xml
simply run the following tarpaulin command:
cargo tarpaulin --out Xml
Then install pycobertura
with pip and execute the desired command.
As tarpaulin doesn't allow you to change the name of the generated cobertura report be mindful of this if diffing reports between multiple commits.
Issues and Contributing
Issues, feature requests and pull requests are always welcome! For a guide on how to approach bugs found in Tarpaulin and adding features please check CONTRIBUTING.
Rust 1.23 introduced a regression in the compiler affecting tarpaulin's accuracy. If you see missing lines or files, check your compiler version.
Roadmap
- Line coverage for tests
- Branch coverage for tests
- Condition coverage for tests
- Annotated coverage reports
- Coverage reports in the style of existing tools (i.e. kcov)
- Integration with 3rd party tools like coveralls or codecov
- Optional coverage statistics for doctests
- MCDC coverage reports
- OSX support
- Windows support
License
Tarpaulin is currently licensed under the terms of both the MIT license and the Apache License (Version 2.0). See LICENSE-MIT and LICENSE-APACHE for more details.
Thanks
I wouldn't have been able to make progress as quickly in this project without Joseph Kain's blog on writing a debugger in Rust and C. It's a great read, so I recommend you check it out here.